A Case Study of Hobart Muslim Girls School, Royapettah, Chennai (1873-2023)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.46947/jarj31202231Keywords:
Muslim-Women-Purdah-Education-Empowerment-Colonial period-HistoryAbstract
Education is an eye-opener for every woman, to the practical challenges faced by her in society and serves as a weapon to overcome them in a more dignified procedure. Education as the means of empowerment of women can bring about a confident attitudinal change for women in society. In the present communal politics, the education of Muslim women is highly targeted and frequent attempts have been made to further marginalize Muslim women and their education. In the recent past, the Fundamental Rights of Muslims particularly women’s education were curtailed in the name of the Hijab controversy. Though the Indian Constitution provided the Right to Equality, it is not fully practiced. But in the historical past during the colonial period, an attempt was made by the British government to provide education to purdah observing Muslim women in Madras city. Governor of Madras Lord Hobart started a primary school for purdah observing Muslim girls in 1873, considered a milestone in the history of the education of Muslim women. This historical model school for purdah observing Muslim girls exist today and successfully provides education to Muslim women in Chennai. In this paper, an attempt has been made to explore the History of the Hobart Muslim Girls School, Royapettah, Chennai, and the contribution of the school to the socio-cultural development of the Muslim community over the past 150 years.
References
Usha Nayar, A Report, An Analytical Study of Education of Muslim Women and Girls in India, Ministry of Women and Child Development, New Delhi, October 1, 2007, p. 74
Report on Census, Madras, 1871, P. 190.
Surya Narain Singh, Muslims in India, Anmol Publication Pvt. Ltd. 2003, p. 104.
Mrs. Meer Hasan Ali, Observations on the Mussalmans of India, Descriptive of their Manners, Customs, Habits and Religious Opinions, Made during Twelve years of residence in their Immediate Society, Humpery Milford, Oxford University Press, London, 1917, p 64.
Kokan, M.Y., Arabic and Persian in Carnatic, 1710- 1960, Madras, 1974, pp. 9, 235, 518
Pankaj Goyal, Education in Pre-British India, Infinity Foundation Publication, Princeton, 2003
Seema Kazi, Muslim Women In India, Minority Rights Group International Report, U.K., February 1999, p. 8
Bipan Chandra, India’s Struggle for Independence 1854-1947, New Delhi, 1988,pp.414-417.
Resolution No. 300, Simla, 14th August 1871, Report of the Hunter Education Commission, 1882, p.484.
Thomas. R. Metcalf, The New Cambridge History of India, Vol. III, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2008, p.142
Recital of the Government of India's Resolution of 7th August, 1871 on Muhammadan education
Suntharalingam. R, Politics and National Awakening in Southern India, The University of Arizona Press, 1974. pp.254-55
Radhakrishnan P, ‘Communal Representation In Tamil Nadu 1850-1916, The Pre-Non-Brahmin Movement Phase’, Economic and Political Weekly, July 31, 1993, p. 1590
Radhakrishnan P, ‘Education of Backward Classes in Tamil Nadu: 1872-1988’, Economic and Political Weekly, March 10. 1990, p. 509
Centenary Souvenir of Hobart School, 1873-1973.
Centenary Souvenir of Hobart School, 1873-1973.
Manual of the Administration of the Madras Presidency, Illustration of the Records of Government and the yearly Administration Reports, 1885, Vol. II, P. 542.
Journal of the National Indian Association in Aid of Social Progress and Education, Vol. No. 173, May, 1885, P 231
Mary Frances Billington, Woman In India, Chapman & Hall, London, 1895, p. 38
Report on Public Instruction in Madras Presidency for 1875-76, Para 107, p.702.
Report on Public Instruction in Madras Presidency for1875-76, para 107, p.702.
Shams-ul-Akhbar. 22nd March 1875.
Shams-ul-Akhbar. 3rd May 1875.
J. B. P. More, Political Evolution of Tamil Muslims in Tamil Nadu and Madras, 1930-47, Orient Longman, Hyderabad, 1997, p. 53.
Samuel Satthianadhan, History of Education in the Madras Presidency, Srinivasa Varadachari&Co. Madras, 1894, Pp. 226-27.
Shams-ul-Akhbar, 3rd May 1875.
Saflr-1-Madras, 27th March 1876.
Report on the Administration of the Madras Presidency for 1879-80, Government Press, Madras, 1880, p.291.
Government Order No. 1520, Education Department, 22nd July, 1929.
Report on the Public Instruction of Madras Presidency,1879-80 Pp.133
Report on Census, Madras, 1891, P. 173.
Government Order No. 470, Education dated 30-3-1921
Journal of the National Indian Association in Aid of Social Progress and Education, Vol. No. 176, August, 1885, P 392
Report on Public Instruction in Madras Presidency for 1881-1882.
Report on the Public Instruction of Madras Presidency 1888 - 89, Op cit. p. 100
Government Order, No. 2631, Education Department, 21st October, 1948.
Report on the Public Instruction of Madras Presidency,1913-14, p. 8
Report on the Public Instruction of Madras Presidency, 1906-07, Quinquenium 1902-07, Vol. I, P. 2.
Centenary Souvenir of Hobart School, 1873-1973.
Proceedings of the Madras Government Education Department, September, 1887, p. 23
Report on the Public Instruction of Madras Presidency,1897-98, p. 84
Mary Frances Belington, Woman in India, Chapman & Hall, London, 1895, p. 38
Government Order Nos.71-72, Educational, Madras, dated 6th February 1889
Journal of the Indian National Association in Aid of Social Progress and Female Education in India, No. 158, February, 1884, Kegan Paul, Trench & Co., London, P. 73
Government Order No. 226, home (Education) dated 20-2-1920
Government Order No. 158, Education dated 27-1-1928
Madras Administration Report for 1946 - 47, Part -11, Government of Madras Publication, Madras, 1948, p. 109.
Government Order No. 1334, Education Department, 8th July 1946.
Government Order No. 1381, Education Department, 17th July 1946.
Government Order No.155 Education dated 23-1-1951.
Government Order No.256 Education dated 3-2-1951
Report on the Public Instruction of Madras Presidency, 1926, P. 123.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms and conditions
1)Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License CC BY-NC-ND that allows other to share the work for non-commercial purposes without altering the original content with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
3)Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work
